Presence of Powdery Mildew Caused by <i>Erysiphe corylacearum</i> on Hazelnut (<i>Corylus avellana</i>) in Italy

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 105, No. 5Presence of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe corylacearum on Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) in Italy PreviousNext DISEASE NOTES OPENOpen Access licensePresence ItalyM. Mezzalama, V. Guarnaccia, G. Martano, and D. SpadaroM. Mezzalama†Corresponding author: M. Mezzalama; E-mail Address: [email protected]://orcid.org/0000-0003-2558-8878DISAFA, University Torino, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), ItalySearch for more papers this author, GuarnacciaDISAFA, MartanoDISAFA, Spadarohttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5207-9345DISAFA, author AffiliationsAuthors Affiliations Mezzalama † Guarnaccia Martano Spadaro DISAFA, Published Online:9 Apr 2021https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-20-2281-PDNAboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat is widely grown Italy, which the second world producer with 132,700 t harvested from 78,593 ha (FAO 2018). mildew caused Phyllactinia guttata has been reported most European countries, but recently Austria, Switzerland, central Europe a new species found (Beenken et al. 2020; Voglmayr 2020). During summer 2020, Villar Fioccardo (Torino province, Piedmont, Italy) hazelnut (cv. ‘Tonda Gentile’) growing edges private gardens parks, an extensive colonization adaxial side leaves white powdery mycelium covering than 80% surface was observed. Also, abaxial showed scattered presence powdery, white, thin mycelium. The fungus collected amphigenous, hyaline, branched, septate, 1.5 3.7 ?m wide mycelium; lobed, solitary hyphal appressoria; vertically elevated above 53 82 long 5 12 conidiophores (n = 30); ellipsoid, ovoid doliform conidia, conidiophores, 21 36 long, 15 (average 28 18 ?m) 50). Chasmothecia appeared late September they were spherical, single or groups, 83 138 100) diameter 50); seven aseptate appendages straight, sometimes flexuous, 55 111 73) 50), four five times dichotomous branched apexes recurved tips. In each chasmothecium, there three subglobose asci length 41 60 width 56 52 44 30). Asci contained eight ascospores, 26 10 17 19 Mycelia carefully scraping them off scalpel, DNA extracted using E.Z.N.A. Fungal Mini Kit (Omega Bio-Tek, Darmstadt, Germany). Partial rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) two isolates (DB20SET01 DB20SET02) amplified specific primers PMITS1/PMITS2 (Cunnington 2003) sequenced. Obtained sequences deposited GenBank (accession nos. MW045425 MW045426). BLAST analysis obtained 749-bp fragments 100% identity ITS Switzerland (MN822721) Azerbaijan (LC270863). One-year-old plants C. avellana, belonging cultivar Tonda Gentile, artificially infected dusting conidia leaves. Inoculated incubated under controlled conditions at 23 ± 1°C 70 relative humidity. Typical symptoms (white bloom) upper 8 days after inoculation. No control treated sterile water. isolated inoculated morphologically identical original natural diseased plants. E. causes aggressive form mildew. Since first observation northeastern Turkey 2013, it spread rapidly throughout Black Sea region, causing significant economic losses (Sezer 2017). It also Iran, Azerbaijan, Ukraine (Arzanlou 2018; Heluta 2019). disease observed sporadically during 2020 (Regione Piemonte SFR Agrion 2020) some areas without posing threat yet yield. This report as agent Italy. Such finding suggests that may soon severely affect groves cause yield losses.The author(s) declare no conflict interest.References:Arzanlou, M., 2018. For. Pathol. 48:e12450. https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12450 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarBeenken, L., 2020. New Dis. Rep. 41:11. https://doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2020.041.011 ScholarCunnington, J. H., 2003. Australas. Plant 32:421. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP03045 ScholarFood Agriculture Organization (FAO). https://www.regione.piemonte.it/web/sites/default/files/media/documenti/2020-10/mal_bianco_nocciolo_da_erysiphe_corylacearum.pdf. ScholarHeluta, P., 2019. Ukr. Bot. 76:252. https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj76.03.252 ScholarRegione Agrion. https://www.regione.piemonte.it/web/?sites/default/files/media/documenti/2020-10/mal_bianco_nocciolo_?da_erysiphe_corylacearum.pdf. ScholarSezer, A. D., 2017. Phytoparasitica 45:577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-017-0610-1 ScholarVoglmayr, 42:14. https://doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2020.042.014 ScholarThe interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. May 2021SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 DownloadCaptionSymptoms bacterial leaf spot Cucurbita pepo spray inoculation (L. Li al.). Photo credit: B. Li. Symptoms Fusarium wilt cyclamen (V. L. Gullino. Metrics Downloaded 1,319 Article History Issue Date: Aug 2021Published: 9 2021First Look: 29 Dec 2020Accepted: 24 Page: 1565 Information© 2021 American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsErysiphe corylacearumhazelnutCorylus avellanaItalyThe interest.PDF downloadCited ByMonitoring Bud Mite Pest Orchard Central Italy: Do Height Irrigation Influence Infestation Level?22 August 2022 | Agronomy, 12, 8First Report corylacearum, Agent Mildew, RomaniaM. Rosati, Bogoescu, Spadaro27 Disease, 9First Corylus avellana Spain24 Disease Reports, 44, 1Occurrence Erysiphecorylacearum Corylusavellana Romania9 March Forest Pathology, 51, 3